As China’s natural gas consumption continues to expand, the critical role of gas gate stations in urban transmission and distribution systems has become increasingly prominent, with their operational safety directly impacting supply stability and public safety. Based on the operational characteristics of processes such as filtration and odorization at gate stations, this paper systematically analyzes their inherent hazardous attributes, including high pressure and high sensitivity. Building on this analysis, the study identifies and categorizes the primary risks, encompassing human operator errors, equipment corrosion and aging along with overpressure failures, natural gas leaks and dispersion, inadequate implementation of regulations, missing work permits and documentation, as well as extreme weather events, terrorism, and third-party damage. In response to these frequently occurring risk factors, comprehensive preventive measures are proposed, including strengthening safety training and work permit management, establishing an equipment integrity management system, enhancing online leak monitoring and AI-based hazard detection technologies, improving regulatory enforcement and audit mechanisms, and deploying perimeter alarm systems and PTZ surveillance cameras. The research concludes that by improving the accuracy of risk identification, bolstering technical support, and reinforcing closed-loop enforcement, the intrinsic safety level of gas gate stations can be effectively elevated, thereby providing practical guidance for safety governance in the industry.