This study takes the lithium bromide flue-gas waste-heat absorption heat pump system installed at a gas-fired heating station as its research object. Based on operational monitoring data from the 2023–2024 and 2024–2025 heating seasons, it systematically evaluates the actual operating performance of the heat pump system. The results indicate that the system demonstrated high overall energy efficiency across both heating seasons. Furthermore, this paper quantitatively analyzes two key operating parameters influencing the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump: the flue-gas temperature difference and the supply-and-return water temperature difference. It is found that the heat pump COP exhibits a positive correlation with the flue-gas temperature difference and a negative correlation with the supply-and-return water temperature difference. Building upon these analyses, a predictive regression model for the heat pump COP has been successfully developed, using the flue-gas temperature difference and the supply-and-return water temperature difference as input variables. The findings of this study hold significant engineering value for optimizing the operational strategies of heating stations, enhancing system energy efficiency, and enabling precise energy-saving control.